Best Practices¶
Overview¶
This document outlines best practices for designing, deploying, and managing the multi-cluster RH OVE ecosystem, ensuring performance, security, and operational efficiency. This includes guidance on managing centralized services within the management cluster and distributing workloads across application clusters.
Multi-Cluster Architecture Best Practices¶
Cluster Design¶
- Separation of Concerns: Maintain clear separation between management and application clusters
- Environment Isolation: Use dedicated clusters for production, staging, and development
- Resource Planning: Size clusters appropriately for their intended workloads
- Network Segmentation: Implement proper network isolation between cluster environments
Management Cluster¶
- High Availability: Deploy management services with HA configuration
- Resource Allocation: Dedicate sufficient resources for centralized services
- Backup Strategy: Implement comprehensive backup for management cluster state
- Security Hardening: Apply strict security controls as this cluster manages the entire fleet
Application Clusters¶
- Standardization: Use consistent cluster configurations across environments
- Agent Deployment: Ensure proper deployment of management agents (ArgoCD, RHACS, monitoring)
- Local Resources: Optimize local resource allocation for workload requirements
- Compliance: Maintain consistent security and compliance postures
Architecture Best Practices¶
Namespace Design¶
- Use Application Namespaces: Segregate workloads by application or team-based namespaces for enhanced security and resource management
- Environment Prefixes: Use consistent naming conventions (e.g., prod-, staging-, dev-)
- Label and Annotate: Use consistent labeling and annotations for automation and policy application
- Cross-Cluster Consistency: Maintain similar namespace structures across clusters
Multi-Tenancy¶
- RBAC Implementation: Apply Role-Based Access Control to enforce access restrictions
- Network Policies: Utilize Cilium to enforce strict network policies between tenants
- Resource Quotas: Implement appropriate resource quotas per tenant/namespace
- Policy Distribution: Use centralized policy management with cluster-specific enforcement
Multi-Cluster GitOps Best Practices¶
Repository Structure¶
- Centralized Repositories: Use centralized Git repositories for all cluster configurations
- Environment Branching: Implement proper branching strategies for different environments
- Application Separation: Separate application definitions from infrastructure configurations
- Policy as Code: Store all policies and governance rules in version control
Deployment Strategies¶
- Progressive Deployment: Deploy to development, then staging, then production clusters
- Automated Validation: Implement automated testing and validation in CI/CD pipelines
- Rollback Procedures: Maintain clear rollback procedures for failed deployments
- Change Management: Implement proper change management processes for critical updates
Deployment Best Practices¶
Infrastructure Planning¶
- Capacity Planning: Assess resource needs well in advance and plan infrastructure accordingly
- High Availability (HA): Configure HA for critical components and services
- Cluster Sizing: Right-size clusters based on workload requirements and growth projections
- Geographic Distribution: Consider geographic distribution for disaster recovery
Configuration Management¶
- Infrastructure as Code (IaC): Use GitOps and Argo CD for configuration management and deployment consistency
- Version Control: Ensure all configurations and manifests are version controlled
- Template Management: Use Helm charts or Kustomize for template management
- Secret Management: Implement proper secret management across clusters
Security Best Practices¶
Network Security¶
- Zero Trust Network: Implement zero trust principles using Cilium's microsegmentation and network policies.
- Encryption: Enforce encryption of data in transit and at rest.
Container and VM Security¶
- Security Contexts: Apply security contexts to restrict container capabilities and privileges.
- Image Scanning: Regularly scan container and VM images for vulnerabilities.
Operational Best Practices¶
Monitoring and Alerts¶
- Comprehensive Monitoring: Utilize tools like Dynatrace and Prometheus for end-to-end monitoring.
- Alerting Systems: Set up robust alerting and notification systems for proactive issue resolution.
Backup and Recovery¶
- Regular Backups: Schedule regular backups and test recovery procedures periodically.
- Data Retention Policies: Define and implement data retention and cleanup policies.
Continuous Improvement¶
Reviews and Audits¶
- Performance Reviews: Conduct regular performance reviews and optimizations.
- Security Audits: Perform periodic security audits and policy compliance checks.
Community Engagement¶
- Stay Updated: Engage with the community via forums and contribute to open-source projects.
- Professional Development: Encourage ongoing learning and certification for team members.
Documentation and Knowledge Sharing¶
- Maintain Documentation: Keep operational runbooks and architecture diagrams updated.
- Knowledge Transfer: Conduct regular training sessions and share lessons learned.
Conclusion¶
Adhering to these best practices ensures a well-architected, secure, and efficient RH OVE ecosystem that can adapt and scale with changing business needs.